Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by the loss of pigmentation, leading to white patches appearing on different parts of the body. It occurs when melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin (the pigment that gives skin its color), stop functioning or are destroyed.
Symptoms of Vitiligo
Vitiligo is primarily identified by the appearance of white or depigmented patches on the skin. These patches result from the loss of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Below are the common symptoms:
1. White Patches on the Skin
- The hallmark symptom is the development of white, irregularly shaped patches.
- Commonly affected areas include the face, hands, feet, arms, legs, and joints.
2. Loss of Skin Pigment
- Depigmentation may begin in small spots and gradually spread over time.
- The progression rate varies from person to person.
3. Premature Graying of Hair
- Hair on the scalp, beard, eyebrows, and eyelashes may turn gray or white early, especially in areas with depigmentation.
4. Discoloration Inside the Mouth or Nose
- Loss of pigment can occur on mucous membranes, such as the lips or inner lining of the mouth and nose.
5. Loss of Color in the Eyes
- In some cases, vitiligo may affect the pigment of the retina or iris, causing changes in eye color.
6. Sensitivity to Sunlight
- Affected skin patches are more sensitive to sunlight and may become easily irritated or burn.
